Beijing will lift the “red warning of heavy air pollution” at 24:00 on the 21st, according to the news released yesterday afternoon by the Beijing municipal emergency headquarters of heavy air pollution. By then, all emergency measures will be terminated and traffic management measures will be resumed. The education authorities will also organize the resumption of classes in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens in the city
by yesterday, the haze that plagued many places in the north had lasted for six days. What is the effect of emission reduction when red warning is launched in many places? Why is there frequent haze in winter this year? With these questions, the reporter interviewed relevant experts yesterday to answer many questions of the public in this round of heavy pollution weather one by one
Article / Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Libin, Gao Jing, Wang Dier, Ni Yuanjin
what is the effect of red warning issued by 27 cities< The reporter learned from the Ministry of environmental protection that up to now, 27 cities in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and the surrounding areas have launched the red warning, and 18 cities have launched the orange warning, taking measures such as stopping production of industrial enterprises, stopping work at construction sites, and restricting motor vehicles the expert group said that at present, China environmental monitoring station, Beijing environmental protection monitoring center and other units have formed a joint air quality forecasting technology platform, which can achieve 3-5 days of accurate forecasting and 7-10 days of trend forecasting. On the 14th, the platform made an accurate forecast of the heavy pollution process from the 16th to the 21st, and reported the forecast information to relevant provinces and cities through the Ministry of environmental protection< Relevant experts said that one of the necessary conditions for the formation of heavy pollution weather is continuous and stable weather, that is, the continuous accumulation process of pollutants. Starting the emergency warning of heavy pollution weather can effectively reduce the emission of pollutants and slow down the accumulation process of pollutants. Therefore, the earlier the red warning measures are taken, the better the results of relevant analysis from Beijing University of technology and other units show that, compared with the two heavy pollution weather responses in December 2015, the emission reduction ratio of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and volatile organic compounds is larger in Beijing; Particulate matter and other pollution from motor vehicle emissions decreased by about 40%, of which more than 70% is the contribution of single and double traffic restrictions. The proportion of red warning emergency measures in other cities to the total emission reduction is about 15% ~ 30% experts said that due to early warning, timely start, and active response from all sectors of the society, the red warning has fully played the role of reducing the peak value and shortening the duration masks under “Red Alert”: 3 million masks are sold every day five days after the release of the red warning on severe haze pollution, more than 15 million masks are sold in Jingdong Mall, with a year-on-year increase of more than 380%, with an average of more than 3 million masks per day according to the big data of Jingdong, from December 16 to December 20, when the Red Alert started, Jingdong Mall sold more than 15 million masks, a year-on-year increase of more than 380%; 110000 air purifiers were sold, a year-on-year increase of more than 210%; The sales volume of PM2.5 detector increased by more than 105% year on year. Autumn pear paste, pangdahai, tremella and other cough food sales also increased significantly< 1t is reported that the peak sales of anti haze products appeared on the 19th and 20th when people felt that the haze was the most serious. The sales of masks, air purifiers and PM2.5 detectors increased by more than 935%, 420% and 200%, respectively. By the 21st of the data release, children's masks in Jingdong Mall had been out of stock among the top 10 sales places of masks, air purifiers and PM2.5 detectors, Beijing ranks first. Top three in sales: masks in Beijing, Shaanxi and Tianjin; purifiers in Beijing, Hebei and Tianjin; PM2.5 detectors in Beijing, Sichuan and Hebei in recent years, in the face of air pollution, masks and air purifiers have become the “just needs” of more and more people online shopping. Ali Health recently released a survey report showing that the total amount of online masks and air purifiers purchased in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and other places is in the forefront of the country. Among them, people in Beijing spend the most on masks and air purifiers, and the total amount of online shopping is nearly double that of Shanghai why is there frequent haze in winter this year heavy pollution weather has occurred many times since the beginning of winter this year. Some people feel that we have taken a lot of measures, but why does haze seem to be more and more frequent according to experts, air quality is mainly affected by two aspects, one is the emission intensity of air pollutants, the other is meteorological conditions at present, the industries in Beijing Tianjin Hebei region are mainly thermal power, steel and building materials, and they are distributed along the Taihang Mountains. The energy structure is mainly coal, and the pollutant emission intensity is still at a high level. The emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, smoke and dust per unit area are three times, four times and five times of the national average respectively. The primary PM2.5 of main cities in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei increased by about 50% during winter heating. The high intensity of pollutant emission in winter is the fundamental reason for the high incidence of heavy pollution weather in Beijing Tianjin Hebei region< 1n addition, extreme adverse weather conditions are also one of the important reasons for the frequent occurrence of heavy pollution weather processes. Wang Ziji, researcher of 1nstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and other experts said that the strongest El Nino climate event since 1998 occurred in 2015, which affected the significantly higher temperature in northern China in the fourth quarter of last year and the frequent occurrence of heavy pollution weather process. 1n 2016, El Nino switched to La Nina, continuing the climate anomaly since autumn and winter, the temperature in northern China is obviously higher, and the cold air activity is obviously weaker. Taking the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region as an example, in the fourth quarter, the average meteorological factors showed obvious deviations in more than ten years. For example, the average surface air pressure was lower, the humidity was higher, the surface wind speed was lower, and the middle atmospheric temperature, which was closely related to the inversion, also reached the highest level in more than ten years, reflecting the obvious heavy inversion, 1t is not conducive to the diffusion of pollutants. Especially since December, the high temperature, weak cold air activity intensity and low frequency, and reduced air pollution diffusion capacity have led to many heavy pollution processes in northern China