how far can a fire spread? How fast does smoke, which is more deadly than fire, spread? How long can ordinary people endure in the heat and smoke? 1n order to fit the theme of this year’s “119” fire publicity, understand the actual situation of community residents’ fire scene, analyze the causes of fire and corresponding measures, Ningbo fire brigade recently simulated a residential corridor fire experiment

the experimental site is a six storey abandoned residential building to be demolished in Jiangbei District, Ningbo. Before the experiment, 24 surveillance cameras, 8 toxic gas detectors and 8 thermometers were distributed on each floor to monitor the development trend and data parameters of fire and smoke in real time. At the same time, an experimental pig was placed on the aisle of the second floor, the fourth floor and the sixth floor respectively to monitor the state of the pig during the fire by video

at the beginning of the experiment, the firemen set fire to two abandoned battery cars and inflammable daily necessities, and began to count the time. With the continuous emission of black smoke after the big fire, the temperature of the first floor almost reached 40 degrees in an instant, and rose rapidly; Temperatures on the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth floors are also rising. According to the instrument test records, the highest temperature of the second floor reached 70 ℃ in one minute, the carbon monoxide content in the air reached 534ppm, the temperature reached 100 ℃ in two minutes, the carbon monoxide content in the air reached 1000 ppm, and the temperature reached more than 700 ℃ in five minutes

at the same time of the fire, the subjects on the second floor were anxious and walked around the cage all the time; A few seconds later, the smoke almost covered the whole aisle of the second floor. The object had been swallowed by the smoke. Under the high temperature, it had gradually appeared the state of suffocation and dizziness. 1n the same way, five minutes later, due to excessive smoke inhalation, it finally fell on the corner of the second floor and did not move. At this time, the whole corridor is full of smoke, and the residential building where the experiment is located is also filled with thick black smoke

according to the fire officers and soldiers who escaped from the simulated scene on the third floor, about one minute after the fire on the first floor, smoke diffused up, and the indoor temperature gradually increased. When collecting the escape data from the simulated corridor, the smoke could not be seen. Through the fire protective clothing, we could still feel the feeling of gradual burning of the whole body. The temperature of the corridor once reached more than 200 degrees, There is still a high temperature of more than 40 degrees when the door is closed. 1f the ordinary citizens encounter such a fire, they do not take effective escape measures in time, and the consequences are unimaginable

the on-site experimenters told the public that thick smoke is the number one killer in fire, which contains a lot of toxic gases and is easily fatal once inhaled in large quantities. 1n the experiment, the vertical spread speed of smoke reaches 3-4 M / s, which is almost 100 times of the evacuation speed

if there is a real fire and there is less smoke in the corridor, citizens can choose to escape quickly from the corridor. When escaping, they need to lower their body weight, cover their mouth and nose, and try to reduce the amount of smoke inhaled. However, if the corridor has been covered with smoke, the doors and windows should be closed immediately to prevent smoke from entering, and then ask for help from the outside at the window in the reverse position of the room(Author: Yongxuan)

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