Xuanwei, a small city with a population of more than 1.3 million, is located in Southwest China. However, it has attracted the attention of Chinese medical circles because it is a high incidence area of lung cancer in China< From 1973 to 1975, the mortality rate of lung cancer in Xuanwei was 23.1/100000, which was 4 times and 8 times of the national average respectively. From 2004 to 2005, the mortality rate of lung cancer in this area was 91.1/100 000. The mortality rate of male and female was 3 times and 6 times of the national average respectively, which was nearly 4 times higher than that in the 1970s
at the 16th annual meeting of China Association for science and technology recently, many experts and scholars discussed the current situation and etiology of lung cancer in Xuanwei. For decades, many groups of experts have carried out long-term research on lung cancer in Xuanwei. However, the cause of high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei is still a mystery, and some scholars even call it the “great case of the century” in the medical field
it is worth noting that globally, due to smoking, occupational exposure and other reasons, the lung cancer mortality of men has been far higher than that of women. The lung cancer mortality of men in China i2.33 times that of women, but the lung cancer mortality of men and women in Xuanwei area is basically the same. According to statistics, the mortality rate of lung cancer among women in some towns of Xuanwei is even higher than that among men
, director of the Qujing Center for Disease Control and prevention, Li Jihua, who has studied lung cancer in East Yunnan for a long time, said that the incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei was 15 to 20 years ahead of the national average. The incidence rate of local residents increased rapidly from 30 years old. The mortality rate of lung cancer among residents under 50 years old was 8.8 times that of the national average. At the same time, the phenomenon of local family aggregation is also very prominent
“1 once contacted a family of five in the local countryside. Now there are only two children and two mothers left in the family, and the other three people all died of lung cancer.” Li Jihua said
a less developed western city with less industrial pollution, why did the incidence rate of lung cancer exceed those in developed cities such as Beijing and Shanghai? Br/>
Huang Yunchao, vice president of Yunnan Cancer Hospital, pointed out that Xuanwei rural women had a very low smoking rate, but the incidence rate of lung cancer in non-smoking women was very high. At the same time, Xuanwei rural areas are dominated by agricultural production, with less industrial pollution. Therefore, smoking and industrial pollution are not the main causes of lung cancer in Xuanwei
some scholars believe that indoor coal pollution may be the “main culprit” of the high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei. 1t is understood that Xuanwei area is rich in bituminous coal reserves. Local rural residents are used to burning bituminous coal at home for heating and cooking for many years. However, there are no air inlets and chimneys in the coal-fired fireplace, and the soot generated by coal combustion accumulates indoors, causing air pollution
Li Jihua said that since the 1980s, Xuanwei has carried out a large-scale project to change stoves and stoves. Since 2009, with the support of the central special fund, Xuanwei has carried out CT screening for local key groups to carry out early prevention and treatment of lung cancer
Tian Linwei, assistant professor of Chinese University Hong Kong, pointed out that although the indoor coal combustion situation has been greatly improved, the overall incidence rate and mortality rate of Xuanwei lung cancer in recent years is still rising. Br / >
“this may have something to do with the incomplete transformation of stoves and stoves. Although many rural families have chimneys, they are only more than one meter high, and it is easy to pour back when the soot is discharged and the wind blows.” Li Jihua said that the local terrain is surrounded by mountains, which is not conducive to the spread of coal smoke. Even if the coal smoke is discharged from the home, it will accumulate over the village for a long time
Sun Yan, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering and professor of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, believes that the initiation of cancer is influenced by comprehensive factors. Previous studies in high incidence areas of cancer have shown that no place is caused by a single cause
although the research on the high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei is still unclear, most experts believe that it is the result of multiple factors such as indoor coal pollution and genetic susceptibility of residents< According to the information of the br/>
Association annual meeting, in recent years, with the aggravation of air pollution, lung cancer has become the highest incidence rate and mortality rate of malignant tumors in China, and poses serious threats to the health of the people. Researchers believe that through the study of Xuanwei lung cancer, we can further clarify the pathogenesis of lung cancer, and then provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer
Li Jihua suggested that in addition to formulating more feasible prevention and comprehensive treatment measures, local government departments should actively set up environmental monitoring points to monitor the local air and other environmental quality
many experts at the meeting called on China to further strengthen the prevention of lung cancer, such as smoking control, air pollution control and prevention knowledge popularization, and actively carry out the screening and early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer
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