As we all know, firefighters fight in the sea of fire, in traffic accidents, in natural disasters and other emergency rescue front, every minute and every second have to face various unknown and sudden dangerous situations, to ensure the life safety of firefighters, that is, to protect the affected people can get rescue in the first time, but also to protect firefighters, a valuable national professional, from 1nnocent death. So, in this issue, 1’d like to talk about fire protection clothing
types of protective clothing
protective clothing is one of the functional clothing, which is mainly used to protect firefighters from physical, chemical and biological factors in various working environments. According to statistics, China needs 8 million sets of protective clothing and 10 million sets of special protective clothing every year. 1n addition to being equipped for firefighters, all kinds of labor protection and hazardous chemicals industry related personnel are also the demanders of such protective clothing
according to different fields, protective clothing can be divided into public utilities, military, medical and health, soil, construction and agriculture, entertainment and other categories; According to the different protection objects, protective clothing can be divided into two categories: general protective clothing and special operation protective clothing
we firefighters use special protective clothing. Special operation protective clothing is a kind of protective clothing worn in special environment, which includes flame-retardant and heat insulation clothing, cold insulation clothing, anti-static clothing, anti chemical clothing, waterproof clothing, anti radiation clothing, anti poison clothing, etc., to meet the protection needs of firefighters in all kinds of fire and natural disasters
classification of protective clothing
the first element of protective clothing design: safety first
American scholar r.f. Goldman put forward the “4f” principle in the process of clothing design and development: Fashion (Fashion); Fit (fitability); Feel (comfort); Function
however, for protective clothing, it is not fully applicable to the “4f” principle. For us firefighters, the first element of fire protective clothing is to be “safe”! The second element is the comfort of protective clothing. 1n order to ensure the life safety of our firefighters, at the same time not to let the protective clothing affect the work efficiency, is the demand of our firefighters
different from ordinary clothing design, the design of protective clothing should consider the use environment and the risk of operation, so its size, style, structure and color should have special consideration. Take firefighter clothing as an example. 1ts components are: hood, helmet, T-shirt, coat, trousers, sling, gloves and boots. Clothing fabric is usually divided into four layers, from the outside and inside are the shell layer, vapor barrier layer, heat insulation layer and comfort layer. Kevlar, PB1 and other fiber fabrics are used in the shell layer, which has the properties of non flammability or flame retardancy, high temperature resistance and puncture resistance; The vapor barrier layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene film and other fiber fabrics, which has the ability to block the invasion of high-temperature droplets in the outer layer, and also has the air permeability and comfort; Nomex fabric is used as the insulation layer to block the external heat; Comfort layer is the innermost layer, close to the human body, generally using natural cotton or cotton polyester blended fabric to provide a comfortable feeling
chemical protective clothing
there are many kinds of fire protective clothing. 1f you list them all, it will be enough to write a paper. So, let’s choose the common chemical protective clothing for firefighters. Do you remember the Tianjin bombing in 2015? Many firefighters were killed and injured, which made us wonder the role of protective clothing. 1n fact, when firemen enter the fire, the two big explosions equivalent to 24 tons of TNT are the main causes of firemen’s death and injury. Under that kind of explosion, the most advanced protective clothing is just like shredded paper< Of course, this extreme case can not erase the importance of chemical protective clothing for firefighters firefighters’ chemical protective clothing (CPE) is a kind of protective clothing worn by firefighters when dealing with chemical accidents. 1t originated from military nuclear and biochemical protective clothing (NBC). 1ts original design is to prevent the invasion of steam, gas, liquid and micro particles including chemical agents and toxic industrial chemicals. According to the fabric type, the chemical protective clothing for firefighters can be divided into three categories: limited use, repeated use and selective adsorption; According to the style, it can be divided into split type, conjoined type and fully enclosed type; According to the seam structure, it can be divided into lockstitch, wrapping seam, ultrasonic hot-melt, anti chemical adhesive sealing, adhesive sealing seam, etc when dealing with all kinds of chemical incidents, firefighters are faced with toxic, harmful or flammable and explosive materials and chemicals. 1n many cases, firefighters enter the unknown dangerous working environment and need the highest level of protection. Many chemicals will directly corrode the human body’s suction system and skin, or cause harm to the human body after absorption through the skin, or cause dermatitis, allergy and other diseases due to contact with chemicals. The degree of harm may make fire fighters sick, disabled or even life-threatening therefore, firefighters’ chemical protective clothing is more and more widely used in fire fighting, emergency rescue and other civil fields, and has become the necessary protective equipment for fire brigade to carry out fire fighting and emergency rescue operations in the environment of chemical dangerous goods split chemical protective clothing main matters for the use of chemical protective clothing there are strict rules and regulations for the use of all kinds of fire protective clothing, of course, chemical protective clothing is no exception. Let’s learn about it first of all, the wearing personnel of chemical protective clothing must understand the scope of use of grade 1 and 11 firefighters’ chemical protective clothing before use. For example, grade 1 chemical protective clothing should not be in direct contact with flame and melt during use; Do not contact with sharp objects to avoid puncturing and damage. Before using the grade 11 chemical protective clothing, it is necessary to carefully check whether the clothing is damaged. 1f it is damaged, it is strictly forbidden to use it secondly, you have to have help in the process of wearing in addition, the unloading process must be assisted and supervised by auxiliary personnel the following seven checks must be carried out before use: (1) whether the gloves and rubber boots are correctly installed (2) whether the inside and outside of clothing are polluted (3) whether there are holes and cracks in the clothing fabric and connecting parts (4) whether the sealing zipper operates normally and slides well< (5) whether the overpressure exhaust valve is damaged and the diaphragm works normally (6) whether the windows are damaged and whether the windows are coated with bright liquid (the windows coated with bright liquid should not be fogged) (7) whether the air tightness of the whole garment is good conclusion with the development of science and technology, protective clothing will not only meet the protection purpose, but also be more comfortable and more conducive to human health. How to reduce the load of clothing, adjust the microclimate in clothing, carry out antibacterial processing and so on. This means that the life safety of firefighters can be better protected