With the continuous improvement of labor protection and health care in small cement plants and people’s life, many new houses have been built in cities and rural areas. As the main building material, the demand for cement is increasing day by day. 1n order to adapt to this situation, the majority of villages and towns have generally established cement plants and become the main township enterprises. These small-scale cement plants produce big mutual cement, which meets the needs of building houses in rural areas and eases the contradiction between supply and demand of cement. Small cement plants in villages and towns have poor equipment, poor production environment and working conditions, and many health problems. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out labor protection and health care to ensure the health of workers and smooth development of production
there are two main problems in small cement plants: first, workers are harmed by mixed dust, which causes cement pneumoconiosis; Second, it is prone to heatstroke due to high temperature. Therefore, the cement plant should focus on solving these two problems. Prevention of cement pneumoconiosis: Cement pneumoconiosis is an occupational disease caused by long-term inhalation of cement dust in the production process of cement workers. Cement is a kind of synthetic amorphous silicate, which often produces a lot of dust in the process of cement production. The raw materials for cement production depend on the type of cement; There are mainly limestone, clay, shale, iron powder, slag, coal ash, gypsum and so on. 1ts production process is mainly divided into two parts: raw meal and clinker. Raw meal production includes crushing and drying of various raw materials
this process produces more dust, which is the most harmful. This is because the dust produced in the process of raw meal production contains more free silica. The harm of dust mainly depends on the content of free silica in the dust. The more the harm is, the less the harm is. Clinker production includes calcination, cement packaging and transportation. Although a large amount of dust is produced, it has less harm because it contains less free silica. Workers in other working procedures are mainly exposed to mixed powder cement dust, which is also quite harmful. Generally speaking, the onset time of cement pneumoconiosis is long, the progress is slow, and the clinical symptoms are not obvious, mainly due to the changes on X-ray chest film. This is one of the important basis for the diagnosis of cement pneumoconiosis. 1n addition, long-term exposure to cement dust can also stimulate the human body, mainly on the respiratory tract and skin, often with chronic tracheitis, bronchial asthma or allergic dermatitis, sometimes with conjunctivitis, corneal opacity, nasal ulcer and other diseases
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