first, the source of occupational hazard factors
in the production process, labor process and working environment, there are factors endangering the health of workers, which are called occupational hazard factors. Diseases caused by occupational hazards are called occupational diseases. Occupational hazard factors can be divided into three categories according to their sources:
1) occupational hazard factors in the production process:
raw materials, industrial poisons, dust, noise, vibration, high temperature, radiation, infectious factors, etc. 1ncluding chemical factors, such as dust, various poisons; Physical factors, such as high temperature, low temperature, high pressure, low pressure, noise, vibration, high frequency, microwave, infrared, ultraviolet, laser, radiation, etc; Some biological pathogenic factors< 2) occupational hazards in the process of labor: unreasonable labor system and labor organization can cause damage to workers’ health. Such as labor intensity is too large, labor time is too long, spirit or vision is too nervous. Excessive tension of individual organs or systems, such as vision tension, etc; 3) occupational hazard factors caused by working environment: adverse weather conditions, narrow workshop, unreasonable workshop location, poor lighting and other general health conditions and poor health technical measures related to harmful factors: such as short and narrow workshop, insufficient daylighting, poor ventilation, outdoor operation in the hot sun, Toxic operation and non-toxic operation are arranged in the same workshop< (1) chemical factors: the raw materials, intermediate products, finished products used and contacted in the production process, and the waste gas generated in the production process Wastewater and waste residue are harmful to human body, also known as industrial poisons. The toxicants include dust, smoke (a kind of solid particle aerosol produced by fuel combustion), fog (commonly referred to as smoke is a solid-liquid mixed aerosol composed of smoke and fog, such as sulfuric acid smoke, photochemical smoke, etc.) The forms of vapor or gas are all over the different places and spaces of production and operation places. Exposure to poisons can cause irritation or allergic reaction to people, and may also cause poisoning< (1) industrial poisons: such as lead, benzene, mercury, manganese and carbon monoxide; 1n the welding process, there may be manganese smoke, manganese dust, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone and other chemical factors< (2) productive dust: such as silica dust, coal dust, asbestos dust and organic dust. 1n the boiler workshop, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, coal dust and other chemical factors may be produced in the process of coal combustion< (2) physical factors are the main elements of production environment. Adverse physical factors or abnormal meteorological conditions such as high temperature, low temperature, noise, vibration, high and low pressure, non ionizing radiation (visible light, ultraviolet, infrared, radio frequency radiation, laser, etc.) and ionizing radiation (such as X-ray, 7-ray, etc.) can cause harm to people (1) abnormal climatic conditions: such as high temperature, high humidity and low temperature (2) abnormal atmospheric pressure: high pressure and low pressure (3) ionizing radiation: such as X-ray, high humidity and low temperature γ Radiation< (4) non ionizing radiation: such as visible light, ultraviolet, infrared, laser, etc. (5) noise, vibration (3) biological factors: some pathogenic microorganisms and parasites can exist in the raw materials and auxiliary materials used in the production process and in the working environment, such as Bacillus anthracis (skin anthrax is the most common, mostly occurs in slaughtering, food processing, etc.) Tanner or brush worker and breeder Virus, mold, Brucella, forest encephalitis virus, fungi, etc in the actual production process, there are also labor physiological and psychological factors related to the labor process, as well as environmental factors related to the environment this article is a reprint of 1nternet media, which only represents the author’s point of view and has nothing to do with this website. 1f the information column articles and comments violate your legal rights, please call to let us know and we will deal with them in time