PPE

what are the occupational hazard protection articles in building materials industry?

1. There are many kinds of cement, such as ordinary portland cement, slag Portland cement, pozzolanic Portland cement, etc., in addition to acid resistant cement and dam building cement for special purposes. With different varieties, raw materials are also different, mainly limestone, clay, volcanic mud, shale, iron powder, coal, slag, gypsum, diatomite, etc. There are two production methods: wet and dry. The main difference between dry method and wet method is that the processing methods of raw materials are different. Dry method is that after limestone is crushed, clay, iron powder, coal and other raw materials are dried, proportioned and then put into fine grinding. 1n wet process, there is no need to dry. Raw materials are ground into mud by adding water, pumped into raw material pool, and then sent into kiln for firing. There are shaft kiln and rotary kiln for firing equipment. The main occupational hazard factors of cement plant are as follows:

1) dust. Dust is produced in all equipment and transportation system, such as raw material crushing, fine grinding, sintering, finished cement fine grinding, finished cement packaging and transportation. Dust masks should be selected correctly. China has listed cement pneumoconiosis as an occupational disease< 2) high temperature and radiant heat mainly exist in the sintering workshop. Noise and vibration exist in the whole production process< 1n order to prevent the above hazard factors, the following aspects are usually adopted: 1) innovation of production technology, rationalization of production process and airtight of production equipment 2) heatstroke prevention. The high temperature operation of cement plant is mainly in the calcination and drying operation. Measures such as heat insulation, natural ventilation and local ventilation can be taken according to local conditions< 3) noise control. 1t is mainly to do a good job in anti vibration and sound insulation measures for all kinds of vibration and noise generating equipment. Such as anti vibration foundation of pulverizer, anti vibration and noise elimination device of blower, etc personal protective equipment recommendations: dust masks, ear plugs, etc< Second, the occupational hazards and prevention of refractory factories due to the different types of refractory bricks and the different raw materials used, the production process is basically the same. 1n the production process of refractories, workers have the chance to contact with dust, and pneumoconiosis is more serious in enterprises, especially in the production of silica bricks. Our country has the successful experience of dust prevention measures, that is, on the basis of mechanization, airtight and automation of production process, airtight, ventilation and dust removal measures are adopted. 1n addition, heatstroke prevention measures and personal protection should be taken personal protective equipment recommendations: dust masks, gloves, protective clothing, etc< 3. Occupational hazards and prevention in ceramic factories ceramic products can be divided into pottery and porcelain, which can be divided into daily ceramics (bowls, dishes, plates, vats, cans, etc.), architectural ceramics (floor tiles, brocade tiles, ceramic tubes, etc.) and electrical ceramics (electric porcelain bottles, electric porcelain components, etc.) according to their uses. The raw materials used for different products are also different. Whether it is pottery or porcelain, the main raw materials are clay with different properties. However, in the production of porcelain, besides plastic raw materials, there are also non plastic raw materials, such as quartz and feldspar, and auxiliary raw materials, such as gypsum, talc, dolomite, limestone, etc. All kinds of ceramic products are basically produced by mixing the crushed raw materials with water into plastic mud, and then firing all kinds of products. Although the production processes of various ceramic products are similar, the occupational hazards are different. The main occupational hazards in ceramic production are dust, followed by high temperature and radiant heat. Attention should be paid to the dust prevention measures in the ceramic industry: the billet, box material and glaze should be produced by wet method; The equipment that can not crush or emit dust by wet process shall be sealed, ventilated and dedusted; Local ventilation, dust collection and dedusting equipment are used in forming and finishing operation points; We should improve the sanitation and cleaning system and eliminate the secondary dust personal protective equipment recommendations: dust masks, gloves, etc

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